CITES — Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species

Uncontrolled trade threatened survival of endangered species globally.

Key Obligations

CITES permits for Appendix I/II species, import/export controls

Penalty Ranges

Seizure, fines, imprisonment

Mandatory Deadline: In force since 1975

Affected HS Codes: Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 44, 97

Issuing Authority: CITES Secretariat (UNEP)

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